Chronology of Mars Exploration

1960
Marsnik 1 (Mars 1960A) - 10 October 1960 - Attempted Mars Flyby (Launch Failure)

Marsnik 2 (Mars 1960B) - 14 October 1960 - Attempted Mars Flyby (Launch Failure)

1961
1962
Sputnik 22 - 24 October 1962 - Attempted Mars Flyby
Mars 1 - 1 November 1962 - Mars Flyby (Contact Lost)
Sputnik 24 - 4 November 1962 - Attempted Mars Lander

1963
1964
Mariner 3 - 5 November 1964 - Attempted Mars Flyby
Mariner 4 - 28 November 1964 - Mars Flyby
Zond 2 - 30 November 1964 - Mars Flyby (Contact Lost)

1965
Zond 3 - 18 July 1965 - Lunar Flyby, Mars Test Vehicle

1966

1967

1968

1969

Mariner 6 - 25 February 1969 - Mars Flyby

Mariner 7 - 27 March 1969 - Mars Flyby 

Mars 1969A - 27 March 1969 - Attempted Mars Orbiter (Launch Failure)

Mars 1969B - 2 April 1969 - Attempted Mars Orbiter (Launch Failure)

1970
1971

Mariner 8 - 8 May 1971 - Attempted Mars Flyby (Launch Failure)

Cosmos 419 - 10 May 1971 - Attempted Mars Orbiter/Lander

Mars 2 - 19 May 1971 - Mars Orbiter/ Attempted Lander

Mars 3 - 28 May 1971 - Mars Orbiter/ Lander

Mariner 9 - 30 May 1971 - Mars Orbiter

1972
1973

Mars 4 - 21 July 1973 - Mars Flyby (Attempted Mars Orbiter)

Mars 5 - 25 July 1973 - Mars Orbiter

Mars 6 - 5 August 1973 - Mars Lander (Contact Lost)

Mars 7 - 9 August 1973 - Mars Flyby (Attempted Mars Lander)

1974
1975

Viking 1 - 20 August 1975 - Mars Orbiter and Lander

Viking 2 - 9 September 1975 - Mars Orbiter and Lander

1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

Phobos 1 - 7 July 1988 - Attempted Mars Orbiter/Phobos Landers

Phobos 2 - 12 July 1988 - Mars Orbiter/Attempted Phobos Landers

1989

1990

1991

1992

Mars Observer - 25 September 1992 - Attempted Mars Orbiter (Contact Lost)

1993
1994
1995
1996

Mars Global Surveyor - 07 November 1996 - Mars Orbiter

Mars 96 - 16 November 1996 - Attempted Mars Orbiter/Landers

Mars Pathfinder - 04 December 1996 - Mars Lander and Rover

1997

1998

Nozomi (Planet-B) - 3 July 1998 - Mars Orbiter

Mars Climate Orbiter - 11 December 1998 - Attempted Mars Orbiter

1999

Mars Polar Lander - 3 January 1999 - Attempted Mars Lander

Deep Space 2 (DS2) - 3 January 1999 - Attempted Mars Penetrators

2000

2001

2001

Mars Odyssey - 7 April 2001 - Mars Orbiter

2002

2003

Mars Express - 2 June 2003 - Mars Orbiter and Lander

Spirit (MER-A) - 10 June 2003 - Mars Rover

Opportunity (MER-B) - 7 July 2003 - Mars Rover 

Courtesy:NASA